Narration in English Grammar (Direct and Indirect Speech) Explained in Hindi

Posted On May 31, 2025

Narration in English Grammar (Direct and Indirect Speech) Explained in Hindi

🔎 Narration (नरेशन) क्या होता है?

Narration का मतलब होता है – किसी के कहे हुए शब्दों को दोहराना।
जब कोई व्यक्ति कुछ बोलता है और हम उसके शब्द किसी और को बताते हैं, तो उसे Narration कहते हैं।

👉 Narration दो प्रकार के होते हैं:

Sr.	Type	हिंदी में मतलब	Example
1️⃣	Direct Speech	सीधे शब्दों में कहना	He said, “I am happy.”
2️⃣	Indirect Speech	अपने शब्दों में कहना	He said that he was happy.

🌟 1️⃣ Direct Speech (प्रत्यक्ष वाक्य)

जब हम किसी के बोले गए शब्द जैसे के तैसे (exactly) को ” ” (inverted commas) में लिखते हैं, तो वो Direct Speech कहलाता है।

Structure (रचना):

Example:

Ram said, “I am going to school.”
He said, “I will help you.”

🌟 2️⃣ Indirect Speech (अप्रत्यक्ष वाक्य)

जब हम किसी के बोले गए शब्दों को अपने शब्दों में कहते हैं (Inverted commas हटाकर), तो वो Indirect Speech कहलाता है।

Structure (रचना):

Example:

Ram said that he was going to school.
He said that he would help me.

🌟 Narration के Rules (सबसे Important Rules)

✅ 1️⃣ Tense का बदलना

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech में
Present Simple	Past Simple
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
Present Perfect	Past Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous
Past Simple	Past Perfect
Past Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous
Will/Shall	Would/Should

Example:

Direct: He said, “I eat mangoes.”
Indirect: He said that he ate mangoes.

✅ 2️⃣ Pronoun का बदलना

Pronouns को Speaker, Listener, और Third Person के हिसाब से बदलते हैं।

Person	Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
First Person (I, we)	Speaker के हिसाब से	He/She/They
Second Person (you)	Listener के हिसाब से	He/She/They
Third Person (he, she, they)	No Change	Same

✅ 3️⃣ Time Words का बदलना

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech में
Now	Then
Today	That day
Tomorrow	The next day
Yesterday	The previous day
This	That
These	Those
Here	There

✅ 4️⃣ Reporting Verb में Changes

Reporting Verb	Changes in Indirect Speech
Say	Say to ➔ Tell
Said	Said to ➔ Told
Asked (Question)	If/Whether (Yes/No questions), Question word (What, When)
Ordered, Requested, Suggested, Advised	वही Verb रहता है

🌟 Examples (Direct ➔ Indirect)

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
He said, “I am reading a book.”	He said that he was reading a book.
She said, “I will go to market.”	She said that she would go to market.
Raju said to me, “Are you fine?”	Raju asked me if I was fine.
The teacher said to students, “Obey your elders.”	The teacher advised students to obey their elders.
He said, “I have completed my work.”	He said that he had completed his work.

🌟 Narration का Quick Chart (Shortcut Memory)

Type	Rules	Example
Statement	Say ➔ Say that, Tense Change	He said that he was happy.
Question	Ask ➔ Ask if/Whether/Wh-words	He asked if I was fine.
Order/Request	Tell/Order/Request + To-infinitive	He told me to sit down.

🌟 Conclusion

Narration का मतलब होता है किसी के बोले हुए शब्दों को दो तरीकों से बताना –
👉 Direct Speech (exact words)
👉 Indirect Speech (reporting in your words)

Indirect Speech में Tense, Pronouns, Time Words और Reporting Verb के नियम ध्यान में रखना बहुत जरूरी होता है।
अगर आप इन्हें याद कर लें, तो Narration बहुत आसान हो जाएगा।